Te Hanganga Ārai-Mumura mō te Piripiri Ākirika Whakamahana
Hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga ātete-mumura UL94 V0 mō ngā piripiri kiriaku whakamahana, me te whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga o ngā ātete-mumura o nāianei me ngā āhuatanga motuhake o ngā pūnaha whakamahana, ka whakaarohia te whakatakotoranga kua arotauhia me te tātari matua e whai ake nei:
I. Ngā Mātāpono Hoahoa Hanganga me ngā Whakaritenga Pūnaha Whakamahana
- Me ōrite te pāmahana whakamaroke (120–180°C te tikanga)
- Me ātete ngā ārai mura ki te tukatuka i te pāmahana teitei (kia kore ai e pakaru te pirau)
- Me whakarite kia pumau te marara i roto i ngā pūnaha hononga-kiato teitei
- Whakatauritehia te kaha ā-ringa i muri i te whakaora me te whai huatanga o te ātete mura
II. Hoahoa Pūnaha Ārai-Mura Tahi
Ngā Mahi Ārai Mura me te Hototahi ki te Werawera
| Ārai Mura | Tūranga Matua | Hototahitanga o te Thermoset | Te Utaina i Manakohia |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATH tino pai | FR Matua: Te whakamaroketanga endothermic, te waimehatanga hau-āhuatanga | Me whakarerekē te mata (ārai i te whakaemi) | ≤35% (ka whakaitihia te hononga whakawhiti e te uta nui rawa) |
| Konumohe hypophosphate | Kaihanga Pūtahi: Whakakōkī waro, kaihoroi rauropi (PO·) | Te pāmahana memeha >300°C, he pai mō te whakamaroke | 8–12% |
| Konutea borate | Whakarei ake i te waro: Ka hanga ārai karāhe, ka whakaiti i te paoa | Ka mahi tahi me te ATH (Al-BO char) | 5–8% |
| MCA (Melamine cyanurate) | FR āhua-hau: Tukuna te NH₃, ārai i te mura | Te pāmahana memeha 250–300°C (te pāmahana whakamaroke <250°C) | 3–5% |
III. Te Hanganga i Manakohia (Taumaha %)
Ngā Aratohu Tukatuka Wāhanga
| Wāhanga | Tauwehenga | Ngā Tuhipoka Tukatuka Matua |
|---|---|---|
| Kapia kiriaku whakamahana | 45–50% | Momo matotoru iti (hei tauira, epoxy acrylate) mō te nui o te whakakī |
| ATH kua whakarerekētia te mata (D50 <5µm) | 25–30% | I mua i te tukatuka ki te KH-550 silane |
| Konumohe hypophosphate | 10–12% | Kua konatunatua ki te ATH, ā, kua tāpirihia i roto i ngā puranga |
| Konutea borate | 6–8% | Tāpirihia ki te MCA; karohia te pirau kutikuti-teitei |
| MCA | 4–5% | Te whakaranu tere-iti o te wāhanga whakamutunga (<250°C) |
| Marara (BYK-2152 + Waki PE) | 1.5–2% | Ka whakarite kia rite te horapa o te whakakī |
| Kaihoko hononga (KH-550) | 1% | I mua i te rongoāhia ki te ATH/hypophosphite |
| Kaiwhakaora (BPO) | 1–2% | Kaiwhakaoho pāmahana-iti mō te whakamaroke tere |
| Ārai-whakatau (Aerosil R202) | 0.5% | Te rongoā ārai-whakapūkara thixotropic |
IV. Ngā Mana Whakahaere Tukanga Hira
1. Tukanga Marara
- Maimoatanga-mua: ATH me te hypophosphite kua rumakina ki te otinga KH-550/ethanol 5% (2 hāora, whakamaroke 80°C)
- Te raupapatanga whakaranu:
- Kapia + kaiwhakamarara → Ranunga tere-iti → Tāpirihia te ATH/hypophosphite kua whakarerekētia → Ranunga tere-tiketike (2500 rpm, 20 meneti) → Tāpirihia te konutea borate/MCA → Ranunga tere-iti (ārai i te pakaru o te MCA)
- Taputapu: Mīhini whakaranu aorangi (whakakore hau) mira hurihuri-toru rānei (mō ngā paura tino pai)
2. Te Arotautanga o te Whakaora
- Te whakamaroke taahiraa: 80°C/1h (i mua i te paninga) → 140°C/2h (i muri i te whakamaroke, karohia te pirau MCA)
- Whakahaere pēhanga: 0.5–1 MPa hei ārai i te taunga o te whakakī
3. Ngā Tikanga Whakakotahi
- ATH + Hypophosphite: Ka hanga i te waro kua whakakahangia e te AlPO₄ i te wā e tango ana i ngā irahiko (PO·)
- Konutea borate + MCA: Ārai takirua hau-totoka (whakarewatanga NH₃ + paparanga karāhe rewa)
V. Ngā Rautaki Whakarerekē Mahi
Ngā Take me ngā Otinga Noa
| Putanga | Pūtake | Otinga |
|---|---|---|
| Te turuturu o te mura | Te matotoru rewa iti | Whakanuia te MCA ki te 5% + te hypophosphate ki te 12%, tāpirihia rānei he 0.5% te paura iti PTFE |
| Te pakarukaru i muri i te whakaora | Te utaina nui rawa o te ATH | Whakaitihia te ATH ki te 25% + 5% nano-CaCO₃ (whakapakari) |
| Te whakatōtōtanga rokiroki | Te ngoikore o te thixotropy | Whakanuia te silica ki te 0.8%, whakawhiti rānei ki te BYK-410 |
| Te Ture Whakamana <28% | Kāore i te rawaka te FR hau-wāhanga | Tāpirihia he 2% te whākawa whero kua pania, he 1% nano-BN rānei |
VI. Ngā Inenga Whakamana
- UL94 V0: tauira 3.2 mm, te roanga mura katoa <50 hēkona (kāore he mura miro)
- LOI ≥30% (tawhē haumaru)
- TGA toenga >25% (800°C, N₂)
- Taurite ā-mīhini: Kaha kume >8 MPa, kaha kutikuti >6 MPa
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Ka eke ki te whakatauranga V0 me te pupuri tonu i te pono o te miihini.
- I mua i te whakaineine, me whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau iti (50g).
- Mō te mahi pai ake: Ka taea te tāpiri i te 2–3% o ngā matū DOPO (hei tauira, te phosphaphenanthrene).
Mā tēnei whakatakotoranga ka tutuki ngā paerewa ātete-mumura pakari, me te arotau anō hoki i te ngāwari o te tukatuka me te mahi whakamahinga mutunga.
Te wā tuku: Hōngongoi-01-2025
