Tohutoro Hanganga-a-Rama mo te Weahanga Awhi Kiriaku
Hei whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga UL94 V0 mo te mura o te mura mo te whakamaarama i nga piripiri kiriaku, ma te whakaaro ki nga ahuatanga o nga mura ahi o naianei me nga mea motuhake o nga punaha whakamaarama, ko te whakatakotoranga e whai ake nei me te tātaritanga matua e whakaarohia ana:
I. Nga Tikanga Hoahoa Hangahanga me nga whakaritenga o te punaha thermosetting
- Me taurite ki te pāmahana whakaora (te nuinga o te 120–180°C)
- Ko nga kaitao mura me tu ki te tukatuka i te pāmahana teitei (kaore e pakaru te pirau)
- Me whakarite kia mau te mararatanga i roto i nga punaha hononga-whakawhitinga teitei
- Whakatauritehia te kaha miihini i muri i te rongoa me te pai o te mura
II. Hoahoa Pūnaha Whakanui-a-Ara Ngatahi
Nga Mahi Whakamutunga Mura me te Hototahitanga Weariki
| Te mura ahi | Turanga Tuatahi | Hototahi Thermoset | Kua Manakohia te Uta |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATH tino pai | FR Matua: Te whakamaroketanga endothermic, te waimeha hau-waahanga | Me whakarerekē te mata (anti-agglomeration) | ≤35% (he nui te utaina ka whakaiti i te hono whakawhiti) |
| Konumohe hypophosphite | Kaihangai: He whakakorikori waro, he hamuha tuwhena (PO·) | Wehenga. temp. >300°C, e tika ana mo te rongoa | 8–12% |
| Zinc borate | Whakanuia: Ka hangaia he arai karaihe, ka whakaiti i te auahi | Ka mahi tahi me te ATH (Al-BO char) | 5–8% |
| MCA (Melamine cyanurate) | Wāhanga hau FR: Ka tuku i te NH₃, ka aukati i te mura | Wehenga. temp. 250–300°C (mahana whakaora. <250°C) | 3–5% |
III. Whakaritenga Whakatairanga (Taumaha %)
Nga Aratohu Tukatuka Waa
| Waehanga | ōwehenga | Nga Panui Tukatuka Matua |
|---|---|---|
| Thermoset kapia kiriaku | 45–50% | Momo iti-pokey (hei tauira, epoxy acrylate) mo te utaina whakakī teitei |
| ATH whakarerekē-mata (D50 <5µm) | 25–30% | I tukuna i mua me te KH-550 silane |
| Konumohe hypophosphite | 10–12% | I mua i konatunatua ki te ATH, ka taapirihia ki nga roopu |
| Zinc borate | 6–8% | Kua taapirihia me MCA; karohia te paheketanga kutikuti teitei |
| MCA | 4–5% | Whakaranu-tere iti-te-mutunga (<250°C) |
| Marara (BYK-2152 + Waki PE) | 1.5–2% | Ka whakapumau i te whakamararatanga o nga whakakii whakakii |
| Kaihono hono (KH-550) | 1% | I mua i te maimoatanga i runga i te ATH/hypophosphite |
| Kai whakaora (BPO) | 1–2% | Whakahohenga-iti mo te whakaora tere |
| He kaihoko parepare (Aerosil R202) | 0.5% | Thixotropic anti-sedimentation |
IV. Mana Tukatuka Tino
1. Tukanga Marara
- Te maimoatanga o mua: ATH me te hypophosphite i ruia ki te 5% KH-550/ wairewa waihano (2h, 80°C whakamaroke)
- Raupapa whakaranu:
- Resin + dispersant → Ranu iti-tere → Taapirihia te ATH/hypophosphite kua whakarereketia → Te marara tere-tere (2500 rpm, 20 min) → Tāpirihia te zinc borate/MCA → Te whakaranu tere-iti (kaore i te paheketanga MCA)
- Taputapu: Whakaranu i te aorangi (te whakakore i te korehau) mira toru-roira ranei (mo nga paura ultrafine)
2. Whakaoranga Arotautanga
- Te mahi whakaora: 80°C/1h (mua-ra) → 140°C/2h (i muri i te rongoa, karohia te pirau MCA)
- Mana pehanga: 0.5–1 MPa hei aukati i te taunga whakakī
3. Nga Tikanga Hangarite
- ATH + Hypophosphite: Hangaia he waro whakakaha-AlPO₄ i te wa e hamu ana nga tuwhena (PO·)
- Zinc borate + MCA: hau-totoka arai rua (NH₃ dilution + apa karaihe whakarewa)
V. Rautaki Whakatikatika Mahinga
Nga take noa me nga otinga
| Putanga | Putake Take | Rongoā |
|---|---|---|
| Te pupuhi pupuhi | Te rewa iti | Whakanuia te MCA ki te 5% + hypophosphite ki te 12%, te taapiri ranei i te 0.5% PTFE micropowder |
| He pakarukaru i muri i te rongoa | He nui te uta ATH | Whakaitihia te ATH ki te 25% + 5% nano-CaCO₃ (whakakaha) |
| Te parataiao rokiroki | Te thixotropy kino | Whakanuia te silica ki te 0.8% ka huri ranei ki te BYK-410 |
| LOI <28% | He iti rawa te hau-waahi FR | Tāpirihia he 2% he ūkuikui whero kua pania, he 1% nano-BN ranei |
VI. Inenga Whakamana
- UL94 V0: 3.2 mm tauira, tapeke wa mura <50 s (kare he miro mura)
- LOI ≥30% (tawhē haumaru)
- TGA toenga >25% (800°C, N₂)
- Te taurite miihini: Te kaha toka >8 MPa, te kaha kutikuti >6 MPa
Nga Taketake matua
- Ka eke ki te whakatauranga V0 i te wa e mau tonu ana te mahi miihini.
- Ko nga whakamatautau iti-iti (50g) e taunaki ana i mua i te whakamaarama.
- Mo te mahi teitei ake: 2–3% DOPO derivatives (hei tauira, phosphaphenanthrene) ka taea te taapiri.
Ko tenei hangahanga ka whakarite kia u ki nga paerewa aukati mura i te wa e arotau ana te mahi me te mahi mutunga.
Wā tuku: Hūrae-01-2025
