Ngā Hanganga Ārai Mura o te Paura Piripiri Polyurethane AB

Ngā Hanganga Ārai Mura o te Paura Piripiri Polyurethane AB
I runga i te hiahia mō ngā whakatakotoranga ārai mura kore-halogen mō ngā piripiri polyurethane AB, me ngā āhuatanga me ngā pānga mahi tahi o ngā ārai mura pērā i te konumohe hypophosphite (AHP), te konumohe hydroxide (ATH), te konutea borate, me te melamine cyanurate (MCA), kua hoahoatia ngā kaupapa whakakotahitanga e toru e whai ake nei. Kāore he chlorine i roto i ēnei whakatakotoranga, ā, e arotahi ana ki te arotau i te pai o te ārai mura, te hototahitanga o te mahi ā-tinana, me te whaihua o te tukanga:

1. Te Hanganga Ātete Mura Nui (Mō te kohua hiko, te whakakī pākahiko, te whāinga UL94 V-0)

Huinga Ārai Mura Matua:

• Konumohe hypophosphite (AHP): 8-12 phr (momo paninga polyurethane wai e taunakitia ana hei whakatika i ngā take ua)
• Waikawa konumohe (ATH): 20-25 phr (te taumata iti-micron, 0.2-1.0 μm, hei whakarei ake i te taupū hāora me te kiato o te waro)
• MCA: 5-8 phr (tikanga hau-wāhanga, mahi tahi me te AHP i te wāhanga whakapoto)
• Konutea borate: 3-5 phr (ka whakatairanga i te hanganga o te waro uku, ā, ka ārai i te paoa)

Te Mahi e Tumanakohia ana:

• Taupū hāora (LOI): ≥32% (PU parakore ≈22%);
• Whakatauranga UL94: V-0 (1.6 mm te matotoru);
• Te kawe wera: 0.45-0.55 W/m·K (nā ATH me te konutea borate i whai wāhi mai);
• Te whakahaere i te matotoru: 25,000-30,000 cP (me whai maimoatanga mata hei ārai i te whakatōpuku).

Tukanga Matua:

• Me whakamararatia te AHP i mua i roto i te wāhanga polyol (Wāhanga A) hei karo i te tauhohenga wawe ki te isocyanate (Wāhanga B);
• Me whakarerekē te ATH ki tētahi kaihoko hononga silane (hei tauira, KH-550) hei whakarei ake i te hononga ā-kanohi.

2. Hanganga Whānui Utu-iti (Mō te hiri hanga, te herenga tāonga, whāinga UL94 V-1)

Huinga Ārai Mura Matua:

• Waikawa konumohe (ATH): 30-40 phr (te kounga maikorone paerewa, he iti te utu, he momo whakakī hei ārai mura);
• Ammonium polyphosphate (APP): 10-15 phr (kua honoa ki te MCA mō tētahi pūnaha intumescent, hei whakakapi i ngā kaihoko halogenated);
• MCA: 5-7 phr (ōwehenga ki te APP 1:2~1:3, e whakatairanga ana i te huka me te wehe hāora);
• Konutea borate: 5 phr (te pehi paoa, te hanga waro āwhina).

Te Mahi e Tumanakohia ana:

• Te Taura Whakamana: ≥28%;
• Whakatauranga UL94: V-1;
• Te whakaiti i te utu: ~30% (ki te whakataurite ki te hanganga ātete-mura nui);
• Te pupuri i te kaha kume: ≥80% (me whakakī te APP hei ārai i te waikura).

Tukanga Matua:

• Me whakakīkī te APP ki roto i ngā kāpūmā iti (hei tauira, ki te kapia melamine-formaldehyde) kia kore ai e mimiti te makuku me te pupuhi;
• Tāpirihia he 1-2 phr o te silica paowa wai-whakaaro (hei tauira, Aerosil R202) hei ārai i te taunga.

3. Hanganga Tukanga Ngāwari, Iti-Matotoru (Mō te hononga hiko tino tika, me te rere tere)

Huinga Ārai Mura Matua:

• Konumohe hypophosphite (AHP): 5-8 phr (nanosized, D50 ≤1 μm);
• Ārai mura waiora whaowhia (he rerekētanga BDP): 8-10 phr (hei tauira, ngā matū DMMP e ahu mai ana i te whaowhia kore-halogen, e pupuri ana i te matotoru);
• Hauwai konumohe (ATH): 15 phr (whakakotahitanga alumina porowhita, e whakataurite ana i te kawe wera);
• MCA: 3-5 tāngata.

Te Mahi e Tumanakohia ana:

• Awhe matotoru: 10,000-15,000 cP (tata ki ngā pūnaha ārai mura wai);
• Ātete mura: UL94 V-0 (kua whakarei ake mā te whākawa wai);
• Te kawe wera: ≥0.6 W/m·K (nā te alumina porowhita te kawenga).

Tukanga Matua:

• Me whakaranu ngātahi te AHP me te alumina porowhita, ā, me whakamarara i raro i te kutikuti teitei (≥2000 rpm);
• Tāpirihia he whakamaroke tātari ngota 4-6 phr ki te Wāhanga B hei ārai i te mimiti makuku AHP.

4. Te Whakakotahi i ngā Tohu Hangarau me ngā Otinga Rerekē

1. Ngā Tikanga Whakakotahi:

• AHP + MCA:Ka whakatairanga te AHP i te maroke me te ngau, ko te MCA ia ka tuku i te hauota ina whakamahanahia, ka hanga he paparanga ngau rite ki te honikoma.
• ATH + Konutea borate:Ka mimiti te ATH i te wera (1967 J/g), ā, ka hangaia e te konutea borate he paparanga karāhe borate hei taupoki i te mata.

2. Ngā Ārai Mura Rerekē:

• Ngā hua o te polyphosphazene:He tino whai hua, he hoa hoki ki te taiao, me te whakamahinga o te HCl;
• Te kapia silicon epoxy (ESR):Ina honoa ki te AHP, ka whakaitihia te kawenga katoa (18% mō te V-0) ā, ka whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha.

3. Te Whakahaere Mōrearea Tukanga:

• Te Whakatōtō:Me whakamahi ngā ātete-taunga (hei tauira, ngā momo kua whakarerekētia ki te polyurea) mēnā he iti iho i te 10,000 cP te matotoru;
• Te aukati i te whakaora:Āta karohia ngā mea ārai mura kawakore nui rawa (hei tauira, MCA) hei ārai i te pokanoa ki ngā tauhohenga isocyanate.

5. Ngā Taunakitanga Whakatinanatanga

• Whakamātauria te whakatakotoranga ātete-mura nui: pania te AHP + te iti-micron ATH (te rahi matūriki toharite 0.5 μm) i te AHP:ATH:MCA = 10:20:5 hei arotautanga tuatahi.
• Ngā whakamātautau matua:
  → Te tahunga poutū o te LOI (GB/T 2406.2) me te UL94;
  → Te kaha o te here i muri i te huringa wera (-30℃~100℃, 200 hāora);
  → Te maturuturunga ātete mura i muri i te koroheketanga tere (60℃/7d).

Ripanga Hanga Ārai Mura