Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Whakatauhia te Here REACH mō te Hanganga Paninga Ārai Ahi

I te mea kei te whakakaha haere ngā ture a te EU REACH me ngā paerewa taiao o te ao, kei te pāngia ngā kaihanga paninga ārai ahi e ngā wero nui o te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Nā ngā here ki ngā halogen, ngā konganuku taumaha me ngā PBDE, kāore e taea te hokohoko i ngā hanganga tuku iho, engari kei te kaha tonu te tono mō ngā mea ārai ahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga ahumahi me te tūmatanui. Ko te ammonium polyphosphate (APP) tētahi otinga matua hei whakataurite i te tutuki me te mahi, nā ōna āhuatanga pumau, kore-halogen.

E herea ana e REACH neke atu i te 2000 ngā matū kino, tae atu ki ngā mea ārai mura halogenated i roto i ngā paninga tuku iho. Kua āraia ngā PBB me ngā PBDE nā te mea he roa, he paitini hoki, ā, ko ngā kaihanga kāore e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga ka tūtaki ki te pupuri, ki te whaina, ki te aukati rānei i te mākete.

I tua atu i ngā whakaritenga, ka tukuna e ngā mea aukati mura halogenated ngā hau paitini ina tahuna, ā, ka kore e pai te piri ki ngā kapia epoxy/acrylic, ka pakaru te kiri me te heke o te piri—koinei te mea e akiaki ana i te hiahia mō ngā momo rerekē matomato.

Hei ārai mura kore-halogen, ka tutuki i a APP ngā whakaritenga REACH. Kāore he matū here i roto i tōna wāhanga matua (NH4)n+2PnO3n+1, ā, kua rēhitatia ki te REACH. He hanganga tioata mā (te ira rewa 240-280℃, te pāmahana pirau >300℃), ka noho pumau i te wā e whakamaroke ana i te paninga.

Ka tutuki i te APP te ātete mura mā te hanganga waro intumescent: ka puta te tukunga o te haukini me te waikawa polyphosphoric i te pāmahana teitei, ka whakatairanga i te waro o te papa hei hanga i tētahi paparanga ārai hāora. Kāore i rite ki ngā kōwhiringa halogenated, kāore e puta he hau paitini, e hangai ana ki ngā au matomato.

Mā te arotautanga o te whakatakotoranga ka wetekina te pūmanawa katoa o te APP. Mō ngā paninga wai, ka whakarite te APP taumata-ahumahi (n≥1000 tohu polymerization) i te wairewatanga me te hototahitanga, ka ārai i te ua. Mō ngā paninga whakarewa, ka whakanui ake te whakarerekētanga o te kaihoko hononga silane i te mararatanga me te piri.

He pai te hononga o te APP me te melamine me te pentaerythritol hei hanga i tētahi pūnaha intumescent. E whakaū ana ngā whakamātautau ahumahi kua tutuki ngā paninga me te 25-30% o te APP (wāhanga papatipu) i te taumata aukati mura GB/T 8624-2012 B1 me te piri o te taumata 1, ā, e tutuki ana i te nuinga o ngā tono.

I waenganui i ngā whakahoutanga taiao, ko APP te kaiārahi i te panonitanga o te umanga paninga ātete ahi. Ko ōna āhuatanga kore-halogen, he rite ki ngā paerewa me te pumau ka whakatau i ngā uauatanga REACH me te tautoko i te haumaru ahi—ko te matatau ki te tono APP te mea nui mō ngā kaihanga ki te whakataetae.